TNF and Hyperglycemia: Moreover, hyperglycemia, which is a derivative of IR itself (without additional metabolic factors), stimulates a primarily defensive inflammatory response, which is associated with the release of numerous inflammatory cytokines, including interferon gamma (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interleukins (IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8), and interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), and poses a real threat to the proper functioning of organs [118].