With the discovery of anti-nephrin antibodies (and other antibodies targeting the cytoskeleton) as a culprit in the pathogenesis of MCD/FSGS, B-cell suppression using rituximab has emerged as an interesting therapeutic option, allowing for more prolonged remissions, and is highlighted as a promising approach in a recent position paper of the Immunology European Renal Association Working Group [47]. Here, NPHS1 is linked to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.