IFNL4 and susceptibility to pneumonia measurement: Sexual dimorphism in disease prevalence due to sex-specific gene expression has already been reported, including the association between CFTR IVS8 poly-T variation and the severity of acute pancreatitis in women [71] and the sex-dependent role of IFNL4 rs12979860 and rs368234815 polymorphisms in COVID-19-related pneumonia development [72].