BID and hepatocellular carcinoma: Ren et al. [112] demonstrated ORF3a-mediated caspase-8 cleavage, subsequent Bid activation, and other apoptotic events in two kidney epithelial cell lines—Vero (derived from the African green monkey) and HEK293T (human)—as well as in HepG2 HCC cells, each transfected with a plasmid vector encoding ORF3a.