MAPK3 and systemic sclerosis: In order to investigate the mechanisms of action involved in the effects of EVs of SSc patients in HUVECs, we conducted experiments in the presence and absence of inhibitors of the PI3K/Akt, AMPK, MEK1/2/ERK1/2, PKA, and CAMKII pathways, namely wortmannin, dorsomorphine, UO126, H89, and KN93, respectively.