A study involving 1,525 individuals living in community settings who had a mean age of 58 years, part of the ARIC cohort, found that high levels of p-tau181, NfL, and GFAP, measured using Simoa technology, predicted future all-cause dementia, with AUCs ranging from 62% to 69% (for NfL)17. Here, GFAP is linked to dementia.