HIF1A and hepatocellular carcinoma: Considering recent studies demonstrating that metabolites like lactate, succinate, and succinylacetone can stabilize HIF1α under normoxic conditions24,25,26 and a previous study reporting that HIF1α lactylation at lysine residues contributes to the protein’s stabilization,27 we conducted immunoprecipitation analysis of HIF1α and lactyl-lysine in ACVR2A-KO HCC cells.