ATG16L1 and viral infectious disease: The mechanism of Mtb-LC3-TVS membrane lipidation requires the V-ATPase/Atg16L1 complex but different from other systems as it only requires a functional V-ATPase but not changes in proton content of the Mtb phagosome lumen, differentiating this Ca2+ leakage–dependent pathway from other processes previously described in viral infections (65).