Sepsis-induced immunoparalysis, characterized by a persistent anti-inflammatory response, increases susceptibility to opportunistic infections and mortality.91 A recent preclinical study demonstrated that nanoparticle-mediated IL-4 delivery to myeloid cells restores immune balance via trained immunity in an ex vivo human sepsis model.92 This approach holds translational potential, offering a novel therapeutic strategy for rebalancing immune responses in sepsis. The gene discussed is IL4; the disease is Sepsis.