The expression of ten proteins (IL-1-α, IL-6, IL-17C, IL-18, TGF-α, TNF, CSF-1, LIF, IL-10RB, and IL-18R1) was identified as being significantly altered after HK1651 infection compared to unstimulated Cas9 and/or caspase1- and caspase-4-deficient cells (Figure 1). This evidence concerns the gene LIF and infection.