S100A8 and stomach disorder: Additionally, the final model highlighted that patients infected with H. pylori strains carrying the gene combination [cagA (+), cagE (+), virB11 (+), vacA s1m1, babA (+)] faced a significantly higher risk of developing severe gastric disease, particularly gastric cancer (OR = 11.10, 95% CI: 1.04–118.57, p = 0.046).