SLC22A4 and arthritic joint disease: Pawlik et al. [19] and Maeda et al. [44] reported that the expression of organic cation/carnitine transporter protein 1 (OCTN1, SLC22A4) was regulated by RUNX1, inflammatory cytokines, and NF-κB, and that treatment with C0 might affect the associated inflammatory pathways; Katturajan et al. [45] reported that supplementation with L-carnitine and zinc prevented damage to the intestinal tract in rats with methotrexate arthritis by restoring enterocyte proliferation and micronutrients to prevent intestinal damage in methotrexate-treated rats with adjuvant arthritis.