Actually, the acronym IL-1 is used to indicate two cytokines encoded by separated genes and secreted by both innate and adaptive immune cells, IL-1α and IL-1β [58], in older subjects, increased IL-1 levels are associated with an augmented risk of mortality and morbidity, atherosclerosis, and type 2 diabetes [59]. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.