Thus, the aim of this study was two-fold: first, to investigate PKM2 expression in GDM, specifically in GDM patients treated with insulin (GDM-I) vs. dietary interventions (GDM-D); and second, to establish the correlation between AMPK, PKM2, and mTOR placental expression in GDM-I and GDM-D patients. This evidence concerns the gene INS and gestational diabetes.