A study revealed that the overexpression of TDO2 in ESCC results in heightened phosphorylation of AKT and GSK3β, thereby facilitating the upregulation of IL-8 expression and polarization of macrophages towards the M2 phenotype, ultimately driving the malignant progression of ESCC [82]. The gene discussed is GSK3B; the disease is esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.