Finally, to assess the clinical relevance of chemotherapy and PD‐L1 expression in myeloma patients, qPCR analysis confirmed the upregulation of BRCA1, cGAS, SEI1, and PD‐L1 expressions in primary myeloma cells isolated from the bone marrow aspirates of 20 myeloma patients before and after treatment (Figure 6L–O). The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is plasma cell myeloma.