In the case of NMP22 detection tests in patients with microscopic hematuria (three or more red blood cells in the field of view), the NMP22 test showed higher SN (70%) compared with cytology alone (27%). The SN of this test depends on the stage of the tumor, being lower in detecting low-grade lesions. The presence of NMP22 in normal urothelial cells can lead to false positive results, which reduces the specificity of the test to 80%. The gene discussed is NUMA1; the disease is neoplasm.