IGFBP5 and cancer: CxBladder is a test that uses five RNA markers (CDC2, HOXA13, MDK, IGFBP5, CXCR2) and analyzes their expression using PCR. The algorithms (CxBladder-D and CxBladder-S) assess the risk of cancer and its recurrence. In studies, it has shown greater SN (over 80%) than cytology and NMP22 tests, with a specificity of 85%. CxBladder can also distinguish between low- and high-risk cancers, allowing for better management of patient priorities in the diagnosis and monitoring of BCa.