REN and type 1 diabetes mellitus: For instance, the administration of genistein has been shown to increase glucokinase and insulin levels in rats with Type 1 diabetes [13], alleviate vasoconstriction by restoring nitric oxide–mediated signaling [14], improve cardiac dysfunction caused by excessive activation of the renin–angiotensin system [15], and mitigate cardiac fibrosis in rats with Type 1 diabetes [16].