To address some of the existing inconsistencies in the literature on Cx43 in PD, we set out to study the distribution patterns of this protein in the human post-mortem brain tissue as opposed to animal models of PD; in this way, we could ensure that the underlying core PD pathology that is yet to be fully defined and modelled is captured in our dataset as opposed to dopaminergic denervation only. This evidence concerns the gene GJA1 and Parkinson disease.