Similarly, placental mTORC1 and mTORC2 signaling activity was reported to be increased in women with GDM and LGA (Large for gestational age) infants than normal pregnant women.19 We also previously demonstrated that activation of placental mTOR signaling is associated with increased placental system A amino acid transport and fetal overgrowth in obese women.10 Maternal probiotic supplementation during late pregnancy in the sow activated placental mTOR signaling and upregulated the expression of amino acid transporters LAT1 and SNAT1 in the placenta64. This evidence concerns the gene SLC38A1 and gestational diabetes.