Given the contribution of tumor-macrophage symbiosis in promoting GBM progression (14, 15, 17, 20), we further developed combination therapy simultaneously targeting LGMN-induced effects on GBM cells (integrin αv and STAT3) and macrophages (GSK3β or STAT3) and observed a potent antitumor activity in immunocompetent GBM mouse models. This evidence concerns the gene STAT3 and neoplasm.