These findings prompted us to investigate the antitumor effect of cotargeting GBM cells (using the integrin αv inhibitor cilengitide combined with the STAT3 inhibitor WP1066) and macrophages (using the GSK3β inhibitor AR-A014418 or the STAT3 inhibitor WP1066) combined with anti–PD-1 therapy in GBM-bearing mice. Here, STAT3 is linked to glioblastoma.