found that genes encoding tight junction proteins Claudin-1 (CLDN1), Occludin (OCLN), and Zonula occludens-1 (ZO1) are upregulated in the jejunum of mice treated with orange juice-derived EVs, indicating that these EVs can enhance intestinal permeability in obesity (141). The gene discussed is CLDN1; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.