PTEN and clear cell renal carcinoma: PTENP1, for instance, acts as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to upregulate PTEN expression by sequestering miRNAs such as miR-21, miR-17, miR-214, miR-19, miR-20, miR-93, miR-106b, and miR-26 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC), oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and gastric cancer [37], [58], [59].