MAPK11 and rheumatoid arthritis: Specifically, p38α is vital in mediating inflammatory responses, notably in conditions such as psoriasis, while p38β has also been implicated in various inflammatory diseases, (Johansen et al., 2005), including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), steatohepatitis (Zhang and Reynolds, 2019; Otsuka et al., 2010; Liang et al., 2013), asthma, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).