In a subcohort of 68 patients (see Supplemental Table S6, http://links.lww.com/HC9/B911 for clinical characteristics), no differences in IL1-β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IL-4, IL-8, PCT, LBP, sCD14, CD163, CCL8/MCP-2, and PGE2 at hospitalization were observed in patients who subsequently developed infection (n=16) or not (n=52, Table 4). This evidence concerns the gene TNF and infection.