INSIG1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: For instance, metformin, the preferred medication for the management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) (American Diabetes Association, 2019), has been proven to exert a positive therapeutic effect on MAFLD by activating the AMPK/INSIG1 signaling pathway, which subsequently inhibits the maturation of SREBP1 and the process of lipid synthesis (Han et al., 2019).