A phase I/II clinical trial of a monoclonal antibody against TLR2, in transfusion‐dependent patients with low‐ or intermediate‐risk MDS in whom HMA therapy had failed, was done and showed an ORR of 50%, which suggests that targeting TLR2 may improve erythropoiesis in this cohort.149. This evidence concerns the gene TLR2 and myelodysplastic syndrome.