To address this question, we selected the type of ICIs based on the following considerations: (1) anti-PD1/PDL1 is currently used as first-line treatment in HCC19,20; (2) anti-PDL1 plus anti-CTLA4 has been recently added to the BCLC guidelines as first line of HCC treatment19,41; (3) PD1/PDL1 and CTLA4 with the corresponding CD80 and CD86 receptors are expressed in Alb-R26Met tumors with heterogeneous levels (Figures 2B and S2B). This evidence concerns the gene ALB and hepatocellular carcinoma.