INS and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: In addition, KEGG enrichment analysis of the 83 DEPs and 54 DMs revealed that proteins and metabolites with similar biological relationships clustered into several pathways, including the glucagon signalling pathway, AMPK signalling pathway, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, galactose metabolism, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, insulin signalling pathway, diabetic cardiomyopathy, pentose phosphate pathway, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and starch and sucrose metabolism (Table 5).