In addition, cfDNA-activated inflammatory vesicles, such as NLRP3, can lead to pyroptosis, which further releases DAMPs, which can further activate inflammatory vesicles, forming a positive feedback loop, leading to tumor cell proliferation and metastasis, and at the same time affecting the DNA damage repair mechanism of the tumor cells, thus increasing the tolerance of tumor cells to chemotherapeutic drugs and radiotherapy (20, 35, 36). Here, NLRP3 is linked to neoplasm.