Since LNCaP cells have a mutated TGF-β receptor I (TβRI/ALK-5) and promoter methylation in TβRs, making them insensitive to TGF-β1 treatment [69, 70], we have used PC3 and DU145 cells as a TGF-β1 responsive PCa model [69]. Here, TGFB1 is linked to posterior cortical atrophy.