FADS1 and renal carcinoma: To investigate the impact of FADS1 inhibition on renal cancer cell growth, we treated human embryonic kidney cell line (HEK293), human renal proximal tubule epithelial cells (RPTEC), and various renal cancer cell lines (786-o, A498, ACHN, and Caki-1) with increasing concentrations of D5D-IN-326 for 96 h (Fig. 1A).