GLIS1 and infection: In line, analysis of transcription factor binding motifs in those hyperDMRs whose target genes remained repressed 12 months post infection in ciliated cells revealed enrichment for transcription factors involved in transcriptional repression, cell differentiation, and reprogramming, such as HEY2, GLIS1, and REST (Table EV9) (Jetten et al, 2022; Jin et al, 2023; Weber et al, 2014).