CCAR1 and breast carcinoma: For instance, FMR1 bound to CCAR1 mRNA and regulated CCAR1 post-transcriptionally to activate the Wnt signaling pathway and promote the stemness of hepatocellular carcinoma cells [20]; the increased expression of FMR1 in melanoma promoted melanoma cell invasion and metastasis by regulating the mRNA expression of its downstream targets [21]; and the FMR1 protein could regulate the key molecules involved in epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) post-transcriptionally by interacting with relevant mRNAs, thereby promoting breast cancer progression [22].