Interestingly, a variant within this RE, rs12931021, was found to reduce the RE activity and ZFHX3 expression in homozygous carriers of the risk allele (AA) compared to the protective allele (CC), suggesting that altered ZFHX3 expression through noncoding variants in this region confers AF risk. The gene discussed is ZFHX3; the disease is atrial fibrillation.