Several candidate genes from these pathways (Fig. 4c) such as collagen IV (COL4A5 and COL4A6), laminins (LAMB1), NPNT, BMP7, PRKCZ, and WNT5A have been implicated in adipose tissue remodelling, inflammation and other obesity linked traits.138, 139, 140 Genetic impairments of axon guidance molecules have been implicated in early onset obesity.141. Here, COL4A5 is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.