In particular, macrophages induced the expression of interleukin-1beta (IL1β) and interleukin-16 (IL16), thereby contributingto MM aggressiveness.8,9 These pro-tumorigenic responsestake place within hours following BTZ administration, likely attributedto its acute therapeutic dosage and relatively short half-life.43 Consequently, optimization of the duration ofBTZ activity has emerged as a critical consideration for enhancingits efficacy. Here, IL16 is linked to Miyoshi myopathy.