ALB and hypertensive disorder: We identified thirteen independent risk factors for perioperative stroke which include patient age, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification, hypertension, previous stroke, valvular heart disease, preoperative steroid hormones, preoperative β-blockers, preoperative mean arterial pressure (MAP), preoperative fibrinogen to albumin ratio (FAR), preoperative fasting plasma glucose (FPG), emergency surgery, surgery type and surgery length.