This is not surprising given statistical results (i.e., p-values) are greatly influenced by sample size, and why the use of effect size measures have been emphasized for scientific investigation.41, –43 Along these lines, our exploratory study found medium-to-large effect sizes for mTBI + groups having higher Ptau181 in MCI and DAT alongside higher NFL and lower Aβ42/40 in DAT. This evidence concerns the gene SLC6A3 and concussion.