ICAM1 and Hyperglycemia: Diabetes, characterized by persistent hyperglycemia (25), leads to increased expression of chemokines (e.g., C-C motif chemokine 2) and adhesion molecules (e.g., intercellular adhesion molecule 1), which promote leukocyte migration (e.g., monocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes) to the kidneys (26), initiating inflammation.