The results of experiments in rats studying the role of AQP1 and AQP5 in endotoxin-induced ALI indicated reduced regulation of both AQPs, leading to increased inflammatory factors and apoptotic cells (Chen et al., 2016) Reduced regulation of AQP5 following primary endothelial injury of capillaries and alveolar epithelium leads to increased vascular permeability and cellular infiltration (Vassiliou et al., 2017). Here, AQP1 is linked to acute respiratory distress syndrome.