Vascular remodeling in the pancreatic parenchyma may be derived by the signaling cascade via several chemical mediators, such as interleukin-13 and transforming growth factor-β, triggered by Schistosoma antigen.5,6) Based on these findings, Schistosomiasis japonica may be a causal factor for the development of pancreatic AVMs. This evidence concerns the gene IL13 and Schistosomiasis japonica.