One-way Cox regression analysis of the training cohort showed that age, ECOG PS, smoking history, alcohol consumption history, complication, pathology, N stage, liver metastasis, bone metastasis, absolute neutrophil count, platelet count, absolute lymphocyte count, absolute monocyte count, fibrinogen, lactate dehydrogenase, D-dimer, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), squamous cell carcinoma-related antigen (SCC), Ki67, tumor-associated gene mutations, and treatment regimen were significantly associated with survival (P < 0.05). This evidence concerns the gene ENO2 and bone metastasis.