Moreover, pathway analyses for HFHS-diet microglia revealed upregulation of proteins related to glial cell differentiation (P = 1.44 × 10−8; including Cnp, Nfia or Gap43), glial cell development (P = 1.44 × 10−8; e.g., Itgam and Plp1), type-2 diabetes (P = 1.5 × 10−16; e.g., Mapk1, Hk1, Hk2, Pkm, Mapk3, Mtor and Pik3cd), the insulin-signaling pathway (P = 3.22 × 10−36; e.g., Mapk1, Hk1, Fasn, Ppp1cb, Hk2, Kras, Hras) and Alzheimer’s disease (P = 1.41 × 10−58; e.g., Ndufs2, Ndufs1, Mapk1, Uqcr10, Atp5o, Atp5e, Ndufa5, Atp5f1 and Atp5a1). The gene discussed is GAP43; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.