GFAP and Alzheimer disease: In light of these findings, our study aims to build on previous work by examining the relationship between KL-VSHET, CSF and serum sαKl levels, core AD markers and additional biomarkers of non-specific processes involved in AD pathophysiology, including glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP; for neuroinflammation), neurofilament light chain (NfL; for neurodegeneration), and neurogranin (Ng; for synaptic dysfunction).