ERVW-1 and neuroblastoma: This study aimed to examine the effects of simulated μg on HSV-1 replication and its influence on host cellular responses, including the expression of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α) and HERV genes (HERV-K env, HERV-W env, HERV-H env), in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.