Further, in vivo and in vitro studies confirmed that OC-Exo-packaged miR-30a-3p was transferred to OBs and inhibited bone formation, possibly via targeting IKBKG to initiate caspase-1 activation and the secretion of IL-1β and IL-18, thus accelerating the progression of osteoporosis. The gene discussed is CASP1; the disease is osteoporosis.