The diagnostic criteria currently used were established through expert consensus by the International Panel for NMO Diagnosis (IPND 2015).29, 30In 2020, the Latin American consensus for the management and treatment of NMOSD recommended using the IPND criteria.30The IPND requires at least one of the six core clinical manifestations suggestive of NMOSD.Tables 1and2show the full IPND criteria for NMOSD with AQP4-IgG seropositivity and NMOSD with seronegative or unknown AQP4-IgG serostatus. The gene discussed is AQP4; the disease is neuromyelitis optica.