This study aimed to compare the AFP practice in patients with AML, MDS, and GvHD being monitored in tertiary healthcare centers in Türkiye versus the corresponding recommendations of the Infectious Diseases Society of America Fever and Neutropenia Guideline 2010 update (IDSA 2010) and the European Conference on Infections in Leukemia Guideline 5 (ECIL-5 2013) [14,15]. Here, AFP is linked to graft versus host disease.