Beyond Ce6, MnO2 nanoparticles utilized H2O2 and H+ in the tumor microenvironment to produce O2, which could also augment the photodynamic efficiency.27 Meanwhile, the resulting Mn2+ could also synergistically combine with DOX to co-stimulate the enhancement of the cGAS/STING pathway, thereby conferring potential anti-tumor properties. This evidence concerns the gene STING1 and neoplasm.